The optimal solution for eye pain depends on the underlying cause of the pain. Here are some common causes and their respective management strategies:

1. Dry Eye (Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca):
– Artificial Tears: These are the mainstay treatment to keep the eyes moist and alleviate symptoms. They are available over-the-counter in various forms such as liquids, gels, or ointments.
– Environmental Modifications: Use a humidifier, avoid direct exposure to air conditioning or heating, and wear protective eyewear outdoors.
– Consultation: If symptoms persist, an ophthalmologist may prescribe additional treatments like prescription eye drops or ointments.

2. Photokeratitis:
– Dark Glasses and Rest: Wearing dark glasses and staying in dimly lit environments can help alleviate symptoms.
– Pain Management: Oral pain relievers or topical antibiotic ointments may be prescribed to prevent infection and ease discomfort.
– Follow-Up: A follow-up visit is recommended to ensure healing.

3. Corneal Abrasions:
– Pain Control: Small abrasions may be managed with oral NSAIDs or topical NSAID solutions. Larger abrasions might require oral opioids and cycloplegic drops to relieve pain and photophobia.
– Avoid Patching: Patching is generally not recommended for small abrasions as it does not improve healing and may cause discomfort.
– Avoid Topical Anesthetics: These should not be used beyond the initial examination due to the risk of delayed healing and potential complications.

4. Other Causes:
– Infections or Inflammation: Conditions like conjunctivitis or uveitis may require specific treatments such as antibiotics or anti-inflammatory medications.
– Foreign Bodies: Removal of the foreign body and appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis are necessary.

In all cases, if the eye pain is severe, persistent, or accompanied by vision changes, it is crucial to seek prompt evaluation by a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate treatment and prevent complications.